August 10, 2010 The New Fordism
That stalwart of American Capitalism, the Ford Motor Company has done a lot for social science. Trainee economists learn about Dodge Brothers vs Ford, taking from the judgement either the textbook lesson that companies are run to maximise shareholder profit, or a lesson in sharp practice from Henry Ford’s attempt to squeeze out minority shareholders by withholding dividends. Social historians learn the competing explanations for raising employee wages (stabilising labour turnover or helping to generate a consumer culture by giving workers enough spare cash to buy their very own new Model T). Sociologists might occasionally these days come across Huw Beynon’s examination of industrial struggles around the Ford production line in Liverpool in the late 1960s, and would see the durability of Ford’s production line as a way of organising work. Economic sociologists from the late 1970s onwards have used Ford (and its decline) as short-hand for the shift to a new ‘post-Fordist’ mode of production and consumption: No longer ‘any colour as long as it’s black’. Instead, any colour you like (almost – the Ford Fiesta comes in just 10 colours). In a post-Fordist world, the factory responds directly to the cash register. The story of the Ford Motor Company illustrates market ideologies, globalisation and interconnections of production and consumption effectively.
And the new Fordism? Well, Santos has left the US army and gone to work for Ford. Santos checks how much work a body can manage on the production line. How many tyres can he unload in the heat before he collapses? Can he turn far enough to pick up that tool? Does that hurt? How long can he work for? But don’t worry, this Santos isn’t having his physical limits tested in some hot maquiladora. Santos isn’t a person. Santos is cyborg: software given human form to produce a “dynamic evaluation” of what sort of strain a person would be able to take. Understanding strain, say the research team at the University of Iowa, lessens the risk of injury to assembly line workers, and improves efficiency.
The body is modelled, its joint flexibility measured, its strength assessed and quantified. The fleshy materiality of a body is transposed into data, data, data. And in the end this will change the experience of working on the line. It will standardise work schedules and restrict movement — because science will have generated the best way of doing work. And I’m all in favour of saving strain and lessening damage. But I’m not quite sure this is what Santos will do; Santos-data enhances Taylorism; it treats the body as a machine and makes no allowances for what it is to be a working man on that line. To be tired one day, to feel.
Comments
[…] rationalising work activity, or replacing human with machine. The production line, with work divided into discrete tasks, is one legacy of this. However, as Eva Illouz argues, rationality was not all-conquering. […]
At 7:13 pm on January 30, 2012 Bata in Essex and the Decline of the Third England : No Way To Make A Living said: